CPA vs. EA vs. CFP: Which Credential Fits Your Career?

Accounting and finance professionals often weigh three credentials: the CPA, the Enrolled Agent (EA), and the CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER (CFP). Each opens different doors and carries a different continuing-education obligation.

Certified Public Accountant (CPA)

The broadest credential, licensed by state boards. CPAs practice in audit, tax, advisory, and industry, and can sign audit opinions. Requirements include education (typically 150 hours), the four-part CPA Exam, and experience. CPE is generally 40 hours per year (or 80–120 per cycle), including ethics, across NASBA fields of study.

Enrolled Agent (EA)

A federal credential from the IRS focused on taxation. EAs have unlimited rights to represent taxpayers before the IRS. The path is the three-part Special Enrollment Examination (or qualifying IRS experience). CE is 72 hours per three-year cycle (16 minimum per year) in federal tax and ethics.

CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER (CFP)

Awarded by the CFP Board for financial planning. CFPs advise on investments, retirement, insurance, tax, and estate planning under a fiduciary standard. Requirements include education, the CFP exam, and experience. CE is 30 hours every two years, including ethics.

Which is right?

Choose based on the work you want: broad accounting and attest (CPA), tax representation (EA), or holistic financial planning (CFP). Many professionals hold more than one. Whichever you pursue, ongoing CPE/CE keeps the credential active.